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Wan Junren Interprets the Spiritual Life of the Masses in a New Humanities Lecture at Tsinghua University

**Abstract:** On September 25, 2014, Professor Wan Junren, Dean of the School of Humanities and a professor of philosophy at Tsinghua University, delivered a lecture titled "Our Era's Spiritual Life" to nearly 1,000 faculty and students at the Tsinghua University Grand Hall. The lecture, part of the New Humanities Lecture Series, explored the nature and challenges of spiritual life in contemporary society. Wan Junren began by defining spiritual life as a realm of human experience that is non-material, transcendent, and deeply emotional. He emphasized that spiritual experiences are among the most enduring and profound, and the human desire for them is intrinsic and intense. However, he identified three major issues that are currently affecting the spiritual lives of people in modern times: 1. **Secularization and its Impact:** The increasing dominance of market and commercial forces has led to a more secular society, where people are often preoccupied with material pursuits. This secularization has reduced the time and space available for spiritual reflection and growth, leaving individuals feeling both busy and empty. 2. **Publicization and Its Constraints:** Traditional societies were characterized by privacy and close-knit communities, whereas modern society is becoming increasingly public and impersonal. As society becomes more public, it also becomes more institutionalized, which can stifle the spontaneity and creativity that are essential to spiritual life. The rigid structures and rules of modern institutions often conflict with the personal and intuitive nature of spiritual experiences. 3. **Technologization and Its Discontents:** The rapid advancement of technology has introduced a new set of challenges. While technological rationality is a dominant force in modern life, it is not compatible with the non-technical, experiential aspects of spiritual life. Technology has a tendency to virtualize the world, which can make it difficult for individuals to engage in authentic spiritual practices and maintain a deep connection with their inner selves. Wan Junren argued that to address these challenges, the Chinese people need to regain cultural confidence and preserve the cultural roots and spiritual strength of their nation. He stressed the importance of cultural heritage and identity in fostering a robust spiritual life. Following the lecture, there was a Q&A session where students engaged with Professor Wan on topics such as civilizational order, cultural confidence, and cultural awareness. The event was moderated and commented on by Professor Cao Li, Deputy Director of the National College Student Cultural Quality Education Base and a professor in the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University. **About Professor Wan Junren:** Wan Junren, born in July 1958 in Yueyang, Hunan, is a prominent Chinese philosopher and academic. He is currently the Dean of the School of Humanities and a professor of philosophy at Tsinghua University. Wan is also the President of the Chinese Ethics Society, a chief expert and convener for the national "Marxist Theory Research and Construction Project" in ethics, Vice President of the Confucius Institute, and Vice President of the Chinese Society of Life Philosophy. His research spans several areas, including ethics, political philosophy, applied ethics, and the history of Western ethics. Among his notable works are "A Study of Sartre's Ethical Thought," "A History of Modern Western Ethics," "New Perspectives on Ethics: Toward Modern Ethics," "Dimensions of Morality: An Introduction to Modern Economic Ethics," "In Search of Universal Ethics," and "Fromm." He has also translated numerous works into Chinese, such as "Being and Nothingness," "The Twilight of Subjectivity," "The Language of Morals," "Political Liberalism," "20th Century Western Ethics Classics," and "The Works of James." Wan Junren has published over 200 academic papers in both Chinese and English, and more than 50 other articles. His current research focuses on political philosophy, ethics, applied ethics, and the history of Western ethics.

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