RadImageNet-VQA is a large-scale medical dataset for the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task in radiology, released by Raidium in 2025. Related research papers include... RadImageNet-VQA: A Large-Scale CT and MRI Dataset for Radiologic Visual Question AnsweringThe aim is to enhance the visual understanding and question-answering reasoning capabilities of medical multimodal models in CT/MRI images, and it is widely used in medical visual question answering tasks, training and evaluation of radiological image analysis models, and research and application development of multimodal medical AI. This dataset contains 750,000 medical images and 7.5 million generated samples, including 750,000 image-text aligned medical descriptions and 6.75 million question-answer pairs covering three tasks: fine-grained pathology recognition, anatomical structure recognition, and anomaly detection (question formats include open-ended, yes/no, and multiple choice). It covers 8 anatomical regions and 97 pathological types, and uses template generation to enhance visual reasoning capabilities. To evaluate model performance, a standardized benchmark set has also been constructed. The overall data is divided into three parts: alignment data, instruction fine-tuning data, and evaluation data, which are used for image-text alignment learning, multimodal instruction learning, and unified model performance evaluation, respectively.

Dataset composition

• Eight anatomical regions: abdomen, hip, spine, shoulder, brain, knee, ankle/foot, and lungs.
• Standardized test benchmark set: contains 1,000 images and 9,000 question-answer pairs.
• 97 pathological types The 97 pathological types include:
• Abdomen: Overall organ abnormalities, adrenal gland lesions, arterial lesions, ascites, bile duct dilatation, bladder lesions, intestinal abnormalities, intestinal inflammation, intestinal masses, degenerative changes, urinary tract dilatation, organ enlargement, fatty tumors, gallbladder lesions, gallstones, intra-abdominal masses, liver diseases, liver lesions, bone marrow abnormalities, bone tumors, ovarian lesions, pancreatic lesions, postoperative condition, prostate lesions, kidney lesions, soft tissue effusion, soft tissue masses, spleen lesions, urinary tract stones, uterine lesions.
• Ankle/Foot: Achilles tendinopathy, anterior talofibular ligament lesion, osteomyelitis, posterior talofibular ligament lesion, cartilage abnormalities, coalition, deltoid ligament lesion, extensor lesions, fat-containing tumors, flexor lesions, hematoma, intra-articular abnormalities, Lisfranc joint injury, bone destruction, bone tumors, peroneal tendinopathy, plantar fasciitis, plantar plate tears, postoperative condition, soft tissue edema, soft tissue effusion, soft tissue mass, Spring ligament injury, tibiofibular syndesmosis injury
• Brain: Acute infarction, arteriovenous malformation, chronic infarction, edema, extraaxial lesions, focal FLAIR hyperintensity, intra-articular abnormalities, pituitary lesions, white matter changes
• Hip conditions: Abductor muscle disease, joint capsule disease, cartilage disease, hamstring disease, hematoma, labral disease, osteomyelitis, bone destruction, bone disease, postoperative condition, soft tissue edema, soft tissue effusion, soft tissue mass.
• Knee: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) disease, bone inflammation, cartilage abnormalities, fibular collateral ligament (LCL) disease, fracture, hematoma, intra-articular abnormalities, medial collateral ligament (MCL) disease, meniscus abnormalities, muscle strain, patellar lesions, post-ACL reconstruction, posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) disease, quadriceps femoris disease, soft tissue edema, soft tissue effusion or accumulation, soft tissue mass.
• Lung: alveolar consolidation/turbidity, bronchiectasis, interstitial lung disease, nodules, lung parenchymal destruction
• Shoulder: Acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis, biceps brachii lesions, calcific tendinopathy, shoulder joint osteoarthritis, infraspinatus lesions, labral lesions, osteomyelitis, bone lesions, postoperative condition, soft tissue edema, soft tissue effusion, subscapularis lesions, supraspinatus lesions
• Spine: Cystic lesions, intervertebral disc lesions, dural or epidural abnormalities, facet joint disorders, intervertebral foraminal lesions, skeletal abnormalities, scoliosis, spinal cord lesions

Citation

@article{butsanets2025radimagenet,
title={RadImageNet-VQA: A Large-Scale CT and MRI Dataset for Radiologic Visual Question Answering},
author={Butsanets, L{\'e}o and Corbi{\`e}re, Charles and Khlaut, Julien and Manceron, Pierre and Dancette, Corentin},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.17396},
year={2025}
}