Quantum Computing
Quantum computingIt is a new computing method based on quantum effects. The basic principle is to use quantum bits as information encoding and storage units, and to complete computing tasks through the controlled evolution of a large number of quantum bits.
Comparison between quantum computing and traditional computing
(1) Information expression
In traditional computing, the unit of computer operation is valued at 0 or 1 bits, qubits except 0 or 1 It also contains a lot of complex information and can even take negative values.
Because a qubit is in an uncertain state before taking a value, it may be affected by other qubits. Qubits can be implemented in many ways, but the theoretical results of quantum computing are independent of the specific mechanisms of information storage and processing.
(2) Information processing
In traditional computers, bits are processed sequentially, similar to how people manually solve math problems step by step, but in quantum computing, qubits are entangled. Changes in the states of qubits affect each other.
Essentially, this allows quantum computers to converge on the correct answer to a problem quickly, making them more efficient than some traditional methods at finding the optimal solution.
(3) Interpretation of results
In traditional computing, only well-defined results can be used due to the design limitations of the algorithm, but quantum answers are probabilistic.
This means that superposition and entanglement allow for multiple possible answers to appear in a particular calculation, while continually sampling possible answers as the problem is asked multiple times, and accumulating confidence in the best answer provided.
By combining statistics, we can get the probability that a certain answer is the correct answer, and adjust the confidence threshold to provide the best speed and accuracy.