Steiner Tree Problem

The Steiner tree problem in computer science and graph theory is the problem of finding a minimum-weight subgraph of an undirected graph that connects a given set of terminal vertices. The objective is to minimize the total weight of all edges in the subgraph. This problem is NP-hard, meaning that computing an optimal solution has high computational complexity. The Steiner tree problem has significant applications in areas such as communication network design and integrated circuit layout optimization.