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Summary of the Most Noteworthy Scientific Research Results of AI for Science in 2023

a year ago
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Years pass, and the glory is renewed. In the past 2023,AI for Science  It brought too many surprises and also planted the seeds for more imagination.

Starting from 2020, AlphaFold  The research projects represented by AI for Science have pushed AI for Science to the main stage of AI application. In the past two years, basic disciplines from biomedicine to astronomy and meteorology to materials chemistry have become new battlefields for AI. In this process, the ability of AI has also been embodied as a sharp blade, which can even break the shackles that have troubled people for half a century, greatly accelerating the progress of scientific research.

With such successful examples, after entering 2023, AI's journey in the field of scientific research has become smoother. More and more research teams have begun to seek the help of AI, which has given rise to more high-value results.

As one of the earliest communities to pay attention to AI for Science,"HyperAI Super Neural" continues to record its latest progress by interpreting cutting-edge papersOn the one hand, it aims to share the latest achievements and research methods universally, and on the other hand, it also hopes to enable more teams to see the help of AI in scientific research and contribute to the development of AI for Science in China.

The end of the year and the beginning of the next year are a good time to reflect on the past and learn about the future.We have classified and summarized the cutting-edge papers interpreted by "HyperAI Super Neural" in 2023 to facilitate retrieval by readers in different scientific research fields.

Follow the WeChat public account and reply in the background 「2023 ScienceAI」All papers can be downloaded in one package. In addition, the datasets used in some papers can be downloaded from the official website of "HyperAI Super Neural".

Download address:

https://hyper.ai/datasets

AI+ Biomedicine

Machine learning model accurately predicts the drug release rate of long-acting injections and accelerates the development of long-acting injections

Machine learning models to accelerate the design of polymeric long-acting injectables

*source:Nature Communications

*author: Researchers at the University of Toronto

*Interpretation:Comparing 11 algorithms horizontally, the University of Toronto launched a machine learning model to accelerate the development of new long-acting injectable drugs (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-35343-w

Machine learning algorithm effectively predicts plant resistance to malaria with an accuracy of 0.67

Machine learning enhances prediction of plants as potential sources of antimalarials

*source:Frontiers in Plant Science

*author: Researchers from Kew Gardens, Kew and the University of St Andrews

*Interpretation:The Royal Botanic Gardens in the UK used machine learning to predict plant resistance to malaria, increasing the accuracy from 0.46 to 0.67 (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10248027

A differentiation system based on live cell bright-field dynamic imaging and machine learning to regulate and optimize the differentiation process of pluripotent stem cells in real time

A live-cell image-based machine learning strategy for reducing variability in PSC differentiation systems

*source:Cell Discovery

*author: Zhao Yang's group and Zhang Yu's group from Peking University and Liu Yiyan's group from Beijing Jiaotong University

*Interpretation:Peking University develops a pluripotent stem cell differentiation system based on machine learning to efficiently and stably prepare functional cells (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-023-00543-1

Applying machine learning models to predict bio-ink printability and improving prediction rates

Predicting pharmaceutical inkjet printing outcomes using machine learning

*source:International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X

*author: Researchers from the University of Santiago de Compostela and University College London

*Interpretation:New breakthrough in drug 3D printing: University of San Diego uses machine learning to screen inkjet printing bio-inks with an accuracy rate of up to 97.22% (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156723000257

Using deep learning to screen approximately 7,500 molecules, a new antibiotic was identified that inhibits Acinetobacter baumannii

Deep learning-guided discovery of an antibiotic targeting Acinetobacter baumannii

*source:Nature Chemical Biology

*author:Researchers from McMaster University and MIT

*Interpretation:AI fights superbugs: McMaster University uses deep learning to discover a new antibiotic abaucin (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41589-023-01349-8#access-options

Using machine learning, we found three Senolytics, and validated its anti-aging effects in human cell lines

Discovery of Senolytics using machine learning

*source:Nature Communications

*author: Dr. James L. Kirkland, Mayo Clinic, et al.

*Interpretation:To prevent cell aging and stay away from age-related diseases, the University of Edinburgh has issued three “AI anti-aging prescriptions” for cells (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39120-1

Quantifying the amount and location of dopamine release using machine learning

Identifying Neural Signatures of Dopamine Signaling with Machine Learning

*source:ACS Chemical Neuroscience

*author:Research team from the University of California, Berkeley

*Interpretation:"Quantifying" happiness: UC Berkeley uses AI to track dopamine release and brain areas (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00001

Using graph neural networks, safe and effective anti-aging ingredients were screened from hundreds of thousands of compounds.

Discovering small-molecule senolytics with deep neural networks

*source:Nature Aging

*author: Researchers at MIT

*Interpretation:Slowing down the human aging clock, MIT uses the Chemprop model to discover cellular anti-aging compounds that are both effective and safe (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-023-00415-z

DeepMind  Using unsupervised learning to develop AlphaMissense, predicting 71 million gene mutations

Accurate proteome-wide missense variant effect prediction with AlphaMissense

*source:Science

*author: DeepMind

*Interpretation:DeepMind uses unsupervised learning to develop AlphaMissense, predicting 71 million gene mutations (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg7492

Based on the Transformer regression network, combined with CGMD, the self-assembly characteristics of tens of billions of peptides were predicted.

Deep Learning Empowers the Discovery of Self-Assembling Peptides with Over 10 Trillion Sequences

*source:Advanced Science

*author: Li Wenbin's research group at West Lake University

*Interpretation:Westlake University uses Transformer to analyze the self-assembly characteristics of billions of peptides and crack the self-assembly rules (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/advs.202301544

Macformer was developed based on Transformer, and the acyclic drug fitratinib was successfully macrocyclized, providing a new method for drug development.

Macrocyclization of linear molecules by deep learning to facilitate macrocyclic drug candidates discovery

*source:Nature Communication

*author:Li Honglin's research group at East China University of Science and Technology

*Interpretation:Li Honglin's research group at East China University of Science and Technology developed Macformer to accelerate the discovery of macrocyclic drugs (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-40219-8

Developing odor analysis AI based on graph neural network (GNN)

A principal odor map unifies diverse tasks in olfactory perception

*source:Science

*author:Osmo, a branch of Google Research

*Interpretation:Google develops odor recognition AI based on GNN, which is equivalent to 70 years of continuous work by human evaluators (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.ade4401

Develop algorithms for GPCRs-G protein selectivity and investigate the structural basis of selectivity

Rules and mechanisms governing G protein coupling selectivity of GPCRs

*source:Cell Reports

*author: Researchers at the University of Florida

*Interpretation:The University of Florida uses neural networks to decipher GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113173

Fast automatic scanning kit FAST allows AI to automatically identify the scanning position and obtain sample information efficiently and accurately

Demonstration of an AI-driven workflow for autonomous high-resolution scanning microscopy

*source:Nature Communications

*author:Researchers from Argonne National Laboratory

*Interpretation:Argonne National Laboratory releases FAST, a fast automatic scanning kit, to make "fast reading" of microscopy technology possible (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-40339-1

AI+ Healthcare

Gradient boosting machine model accurately predicts BPSD subsyndromes

Machine learning‑based predictive models for the occurrence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: model development and validation

*source:Scientifc Reports

*author:Research team from Yonsei University, South Korea

*Interpretation:Effectively delaying dementia: Yonsei University found that the gradient boosting machine model can accurately predict BPSD sub-syndrome (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-35194-5

Based on machine learning, a set of specific diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer was obtained using feature selection strategies

Robust Feature Selection strategy detects a panel of microRNAs as putative diagnostic biomarkers in Breast Cancer

*source:CIBB 2023

*author: Researchers at the University of Naples Federico II, Italy

*Interpretation:Feature selection strategy: Finding new outlets for detecting breast cancer biomarkers (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372083934

Comparison of logistic regression model and three machine learning models to successfully predict the one-year mortality rate of elderly Chinese patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance

Machine learning-based models to predict one-year mortality among Chinese older patients with coronary artery disease combined with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus

*source:Cardiovascular Diabetology

*author: Researchers from Macheng People's Hospital, Hubei Province, China

*Interpretation:By collecting data from 451 elderly patients with coronary heart disease from 301 hospitals, Hubei Macheng People's Hospital launched a machine learning model to accurately predict the mortality rate of patients within one year (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://cardiab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12933-023-01854-z

A new brain-computer technology developed using AI allows a stroke patient who had been aphasic for 18 years to speak again

A high-performance neuroprosthesis for speech decoding and avatar control

*source:Nature

*author:UC team

*Interpretation:A stroke caused her to lose her voice for 18 years. AI + brain-computer interface helped her to “speak with her thoughts” (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06443-4

Commercial AI Lunit reads mammograms as accurately as doctors

Performance of a Breast Cancer Detection AI Algorithm Using the Personal Performance in Mammographic Screening Scheme

*source:Radiology

*author:Research team from the University of Nottingham, UK

*Interpretation:"Pink Killer" wanted poster, AI's ability to read breast X-rays is comparable to that of doctors (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/radiol.223299

The Institute of Genomics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences established an open biomedical imaging archive

Self-supervised learning of hologram reconstruction using physics consistency

*source:bioRxiv

*author:Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

*Interpretation:OBIA: 900+ patients, 193w+ images, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Genomics released my country's first biological image sharing database (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42256-023-00704-7

RETFound, a retinal image-based model, predicts multiple systemic diseases

A foundation model for generalizable disease detection from retinal images

*source:Nature

*author: Yukun Zhou, PhD student at University College London and Moorfields Eye Hospital, et al.

*Interpretation:1.6 million+ unlabeled images, 3-dimensional comprehensive evaluation, Zhou Yukun and others developed the RETFound model to predict multiple systemic diseases using retinal images (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06555-x

Artificial intelligence detection of pancreatic cancer based on deep learning

Large-scale pancreatic cancer detection via non-contrast CT and deep learning

*source:Nature Medicine

*author: Alibaba Damo Academy cooperates with many domestic and foreign medical institutions

*Interpretation:31 cases of missed diagnosis were identified among 20,000 cases. Alibaba Damo Academy took the lead in launching "plain scan CT + large model" to screen pancreatic cancer (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-023-02640-w

Optimizing the design of triboelectric nanogenerator tactile sensors for text recognition and Braille recognition

Machine Learning-Enabled Tactile Sensor Design for Dynamic Touch Decoding

*source:Advanced Science

*author: Yang Geng and Xu Kaichen's research group at Zhejiang University

*Interpretation:Zhejiang University uses SVM to optimize tactile sensors, and the Braille recognition rate reaches 96.12% (click to read the original text)

*paper:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/advs.202303949

AI+ Materials Chemistry

Combining multiple deep learning architectures to determine the internal structure of materials from surface observations

Fill in the Blank: Transferrable Deep Learning Approaches to Recover Missing Physical Field Information

*source:Advanced Materials

*author: Researchers at MIT

*Interpretation:Fill in the blanks in the material space: MIT uses deep learning to solve non-destructive testing problems (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adma.202301449

Combining deep neural networks and natural language processing to develop corrosion-resistant alloys

Enhancing corrosion-resistant alloy design through natural language processing and deep learning

*source:Science Advances

*author: Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research in Germany

*Interpretation:AI "anti-corruption", Max Planck Institute in Germany combines NLP and DNN to develop corrosion-resistant alloys (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adg7992

Based on the machine learning model, AI is trained to extract the structural parameters of porous materials to predict the water adsorption isotherm

Machine learning-assisted prediction of water adsorption isotherms and cooling performance

*source:Journal of Materials Chemistry A

*author:Li Song's research group at Huazhong University of Science and Technology

*Interpretation:Li Song's research group at Huazhong University of Science and Technology used machine learning to predict water adsorption isotherms of porous materials (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/TA/D3TA03586G

Field-induced recursive embedding atomic neural network FIREANN accurately describes the changes in external field intensity and direction

Universal machine learning for the response of atomic systems to external fields

*source:Nature Communication

*author:Jiang Bin's research group at the University of Science and Technology of China

*Interpretation:The research group led by Jiang Bin from USTC developed FIREANN to analyze the response of atoms to external fields (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-42148-y

DeepMind releases deep learning tool GNoME, discovers 2.2 million new crystals

Scaling deep learning for materials discovery

*source: DeepMind

*author:Nature

*Interpretation:800 years ahead of humans? DeepMind releases GNoME, using deep learning to predict 2.2 million new crystals (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06735-9

SEN machine learning model for high-precision material property prediction

Material symmetry recognition and property prediction accomplished by crystal capsule representation

*source:Nature Communications

*author:Li Huashan and Wang Biao's research group at Sun Yat-sen University

*Interpretation:Li Huashan and Wang Biao's research group at Sun Yat-sen University developed the SEN machine learning model to predict material properties with high accuracy (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-40756-2

RetroExplainer algorithm for retrosynthetic prediction based on deep learning

Retrosynthesis prediction with an interpretable deep-learning framework based on molecular assembly tasks

*source:Nature Communications

*author:Shandong University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Research Group

*Interpretation:Shandong University develops an interpretable deep learning algorithm RetroExplainer, which can identify the retrosynthetic route of organic compounds in 4 steps (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41698-5

Optimizing cocatalysts for BiVO(4) photoanodes using machine learning

A comprehensive machine learning strategy for designing high-performance photoanode catalysts

*source:Journal of Materials Chemistry A

*author:Zhu Hongwei Research Group, Tsinghua University

*Interpretation:Tsinghua University uses interpretable machine learning to optimize photoanode catalysts to help photolysis of water to produce hydrogen (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/TA/D3TA04148D

AI+ Plant and Animal Sciences

Population genetics based on machine learning reveals the formation mechanism of grape flavor

Adaptive and maladaptive introgression in grapevine domestication

*source:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

*author:Researchers from the Shenzhen Agricultural Genomics Center of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

*Interpretation:There is a secret to grape flavor. The Academy of Agricultural Sciences uses machine learning to reveal the process of gene introgression (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2222041120

Using Python API and Computer Vision API to monitor the blooming of cherry blossoms in Japan

The spatiotemporal signature of cherry blossom flowering across Japan revealed via analysis of social network site images

*source:Flora

*author:Research team from Monash University, Australia

*Interpretation:By crawling more than 20,000 Flickr images, Monash University reproduced the spatiotemporal characteristics of the blooming of cherry blossoms in Japan over the past 10 years (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0367253023001019

Review: Using AI to start bioinformatics research more efficiently

In addition to well-known bioinformatics advances such as AlphaFold, AI has a wealth of application cases in biological fields such as homology search, multiple alignment and phylogenetic construction, genome sequence analysis, and gene discovery. As a biological researcher, being able to skillfully integrate machine learning tools into data analysis will surely accelerate scientific discovery and improve scientific research efficiency.

*Recommended Reading:Bioinformatics | Start research more efficiently with AI (click to read original article)

A deep learning method based on a twin network automatically captures the embryonic development process

Uncovering developmental time and tempo using deep learning

*source:Nature Methods

*author: Systems biologist Patrick Müller and researchers at the University of Konstanz

*Interpretation:AI combined with embryos? Systems biologist Patrick Müller uses twin networks to study zebrafish embryos (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-023-02083-8

Using more than 50,000 photos, we trained ArcFace, a facial recognition algorithm Classification Head multi-species image recognition model

A deep learning approach to photo–identification demonstrates high performance on two dozen cetacean species

*source:Methods in Ecology and Evolution

*author: Researchers from the University of Hawaii

*Interpretation:"Whale Face Recognition" is now online. The University of Hawaii used 50,000 images to train the recognition model, with an average accuracy of 0.869 (click to read the original text)

*paper:

https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/2041-210X.14167

Using data from 628 Labrador retrievers, three models were compared to identify behavioral characteristics that affect the performance of scent detection dogs.

Machine learning prediction and classification of behavioral selection in a canine olfactory detection program

*source:Scientific Reports

*author: Researchers from the Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Rocky Vista University

*Interpretation:Dog job search: AI interview, human assistance, US research institute uses data from 628 Labradors to improve the efficiency of selecting olfactory detection dogs (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-39112-7

AI camera alert system accurately distinguishes tigers from other species

Accurate proteome-wide missense variant effect prediction with AlphaMissense

*source:BioScience

*author: Researchers at Clemson University

*Interpretation:To address the problem of human-tiger coexistence, the first AI camera that can identify and transmit tiger photos is here (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg7492

BirdFlow uses computer modeling and eBird datasets to accurately predict the flight paths of migratory birds

BirdFlow: Learning seasonal bird movements from eBird data

*source:Methods in Ecology and Evolution

*author: Researchers from the University of Massachusetts and Cornell University

*Interpretation:Using computer modeling and eBird datasets, the University of Massachusetts successfully predicted bird migration (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/2041-210X.14052

AI+ Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry

Using computer vision + deep learning to develop a dairy cow lameness detection system with an accuracy of 94%-100%

Deep learning pose estimation for multi-cattle lameness detection

*source:Nature

*author: Researchers from Newcastle University and Fera Scientific Ltd

*Interpretation:Newcastle University develops real-time, automated dairy cow lameness detection system using computer vision and deep learning

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-31297-1

Drone + AI image analysis to detect forest pests

Testing early detection of pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa nests using UAV-based methods

*source: NeoBiota

*author:Research Team of University of Lisbon

*Interpretation:Drone + AI image analysis: University of Lisbon efficiently detects forest pests (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://neobiota.pensoft.net/article/95692/

Combining laboratory observations with machine learning, they show that ultrasound waves emitted by tomato and tobacco plants under stress can propagate through the air

Sounds emitted by plants under stress are airborne and informative

*source:Cell

*author:Researchers from Tel Aviv University, Israel

*Interpretation:Tomatoes will "scream" under pressure. Tel Aviv University found that the plant kingdom is not silent (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.009

Using the YOLOv5 algorithm, a model is designed to monitor sow posture and piglet birth

Sow Farrowing Early Warning and Supervision for Embedded Board Implementations

*source:Sensors

*author:Nanjing Agricultural University Research Team

*Interpretation:Sows know when to give birth. This time, NNU uses NVIDIA's edge AI Jetson (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/727

Using convolutional neural networks to quickly and accurately count rice yields

Deep Learning Enables Instant and Versatile Estimation of Rice Yield Using Ground-Based RGB Images

*source:Plant Phenomics

*author:Researchers from Kyoto University

*Interpretation:Kyoto University uses CNN to predict food production. A good harvest does not depend on the weather, but on AI. (Click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/plantphenomics.0073

A systematic process for collecting plant phenotypic data using drones to predict optimal harvest dates

Drone-Based Harvest Data Prediction Can Reduce On-Farm Food Loss and Improve Farmer Income

*source:Plant Phenomics

*author: Researchers from the University of Tokyo and Chiba University

*Interpretation:The University of Tokyo uses AI and drones to predict the best harvest date for crops (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/plantphenomics.0086#body-ref-B4

AI+ Meteorological Research

CSU-MLP, a machine learning model based on random forest, accurately forecasts severe weather in the medium term (4-8 days).

A new paradigm for medium-range severe weather forecasts: probabilistic random forest-based predictions

*source:Weather and Forecasting

*author: Researchers from Colorado State University and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

*Interpretation:Colorado State University releases CSU-MLP model, using random forest algorithm to predict medium-term severe weather (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.02383

Using global storm-analyzing simulations and machine learning to create a new algorithm to accurately predict extreme precipitation

Implicit learning of convective organization explains precipitation stochasticity

*source: PNAS

*author:Leap Lab, Columbia University

*Interpretation:Columbia University launches an upgraded version of the neural network Org-NN to accurately predict extreme precipitation (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2216158120

Overview: Gathering data from hailstorm centers to predict extreme weather using big models

As early as 2021, Alibaba Cloud revealed that the DAMO Academy and the National Meteorological Center jointly developed an AI algorithm for weather forecasting and successfully predicted multiple severe convective weather events. In September of the same year, Deepmind published an article in Nature, using a deep generative model to make real-time forecasts of rainfall.

At the beginning of 2023, Deepmind officially launched GraphCast, which can predict the global weather for the next 10 days with a resolution of 0.25° within one minute. In April, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology and Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory jointly developed the "Fengwu" weather forecast model, which has a further reduction in error compared to GraphCast.

Subsequently, Huawei launched the "Pangu" meteorological model. Due to the introduction of a three-dimensional neural network in the model, the prediction accuracy of "Pangu" exceeded the most accurate NWP prediction system for the first time. Recently, Tsinghua University and Fudan University have successively released the "NowCastNet" and "Fuxi" models.

*Recommended Reading:Hailstorm Center collects data, large models support extreme weather forecasts, and "Storm Chasers" are on the rise (click to read original article)

Overview: Data-driven machine learning weather forecasting models

Numerical weather forecasting is the mainstream method of weather forecasting. It uses numerical integration to solve the state of the earth system grid by grid, which is a process of deductive reasoning. Since 2022, machine learning models in the field of weather forecasting have made a series of breakthroughs, some of which can rival the high-precision forecasts of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.

*Recommended Reading:Machine Learning vs. Numerical Weather Forecasting, How AI Changes the Existing Weather Forecasting Model (Click to Read Original Article)

AI + Astronomy

Using simulated data to train computer vision algorithms to sharpen astronomical images

Galaxy image deconvolution for weak gravitational lensing with unrolled plug-and-play ADMM

*source: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

*author:Research team from Tsinghua University and Northwestern University

*Interpretation:A post-00s Tsinghua University student uses AI to defeat the "magic attack" of the atmosphere and restore the true appearance of the universe (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-023-00543-1

The PRIMO algorithm learns the laws of light propagation around a black hole and reconstructs a clearer black hole image

The Image of the M87 Black Hole Reconstructed with PRIMO

*source:The Astrophysical Journal Letters

*author:Princeton Institute for Advanced Study research team

*Interpretation:Using PRIMO to reconstruct the image of the M87 black hole, the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study successfully transformed the "donut" into a "golden ring" (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/acc32d/pdf

Using the unsupervised machine learning algorithm Astronomaly, we found anomalies that were previously overlooked

Astronomally at Scale: Searching for Anomalies Amongst 4 Million Galaxies

*source: arXiv

*author:Researchers at the University of the Western Cape

*Interpretation:Astronomaly: Using CNN and active learning to identify anomalies in 4 million galaxy images (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.08660

AI+ Energy and Environment

Use machine learning to discover mineral combination patterns to predict mineral locations

Predicting new mineral occurrences and planetary analog environments via mineral association analysis

*source:PNAS Nexus

*author: Researchers from the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington and the University of Arizona

*Interpretation:AI is involved in the serious "mining" industry. The Carnegie Institute for Science has taken a different approach and used correlation analysis to find new mineral deposits (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/2/5/pgad110/7163824?login=true

Using physical and machine learning models to predict pollution losses caused by the accumulation of dirt and other materials on the surface of photovoltaic panels in arid climates

Characterizing soiling losses for photovoltaic systems in dry climates: A case study in Cyprus

*source:Solar Energy

*author: Researchers at the University of Cyprus

*Interpretation:Photovoltaic industry says goodbye to "depending on the weather for food", the University of Cyprus spent 2 years to find that machine learning can predict pollution losses in the future (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X23001883

Predicting the emission of harmful amine gases in the carbon capture process through machine learning methods

Machine learning for industrial processes: Forecasting amine emissions from a carbon capture plant

*source:ScienceAdvances

*author: A research team from EPFL and Heriot-Watt University

*Interpretation:8-year battle for a post-90s PhD student: Using machine learning to boost chemical research (click to read original article)

*paper:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adc9576

AI + Natural Disasters

Superimposable neural network to analyze influencing factors in natural disasters

Landslide susceptibility modeling by interpretable neural network

*source:Communications Earth & Environment

*author: Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles

*Interpretation:The black box becomes transparent: UCLA develops an interpretable neural network SNN to predict landslides (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-023-00806-5

Using explainable AI, we analyzed different geographical factors in Gippsland, Australia, and obtained a local wildfire probability distribution map.

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for interpreting the contributing factors feed into the wildfire susceptibility prediction model

*source: ScienceDirect

*author:Researchers from Australian National University and University of Technology Sydney

*Interpretation:Hawaii and many other places around the world are caught in the "doomsday fire". Can AI monitoring outperform wildfires at critical moments? (Click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723016224

other

Direct and inverse problems of AI in meta-optics, data analysis based on metasurface systems

Artificial Intelligence in Meta-optics

*source:ACS Publications

*author:Researchers from City University of Hong Kong

*Interpretation:AI is adding to the game, and super-optics is entering a booming era (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00012

Ithaca assists epigraphers with text restoration, chronological and geographical attribution

Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks

*source:Nature

*author: Researchers from DeepMind and University of Venice Foscari

*Interpretation:New interpretation of the millennium code, DeepMind develops Ithaca to decipher Greek inscriptions (click to read the original article)

*paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04448-z

30 scholars jointly published a Nature review, reviewing 10 years and deconstructing how AI reshaped the scientific research paradigm

Hanchen Wang, a postdoctoral fellow from the School of Computer Science and Genomics at Stanford University, Tianfan Fu from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Yuanqi Du from the Department of Computer Science at Cornell University, along with 30 others, reviewed the role of AI in basic scientific research over the past decade and pointed out the challenges and shortcomings that still exist.

*Recommended Reading:30 scholars jointly published a Nature review, reviewing 10 years and deconstructing how AI reshaped the scientific research paradigm (click to read the original article)

Policy: The Ministry of Science and Technology, together with the National Natural Science Foundation of China, launched the "AI for Science" special deployment project

On March 27, Xinhua News Agency reported that in order to implement the national "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan", the Ministry of Science and Technology, together with the National Natural Science Foundation of China, recently launched the "Artificial Intelligence Driven Scientific Research" (AI for Science) special deployment work.

This time, my country has laid out the AI for Science cutting-edge technology research and development system, which will closely integrate key issues in basic disciplines such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, and astronomy, and focus on the scientific research needs in key areas such as drug development, gene research, biological breeding, and new material development. In this regard, Xu Bo, director of the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, explained that the fields of new drug creation, gene research, biological breeding, and new material development are important directions with urgent needs, outstanding progress, and representativeness in the combination of artificial intelligence and scientific research.

The above is the cutting-edge paper that "HyperAI Super Neural" will interpret for you in 2023.Follow the WeChat official account and reply "2023 ScienceAI" in the background to download all the papers in a package.

In 2024, we will continue to focus on the latest scientific research results and related applications of AI for Science, so stay tuned~